108-lesson. before / after / during / while

Before (oldin), during (davomida) va after (keyin)ning ot bilan qo’llanishi, ya’ni before/during/after + noun:

Everybody feels nervous before exams.

Hamma imtihonlardan oldin asabiylashadi.

I fell asleep during the film.

Men film davomida uxlab qoldim.

We were tired after our visit to the museum.

Biz muzeyga tashrifimizdan keyin charchadik.

Before (oldin), while (davomida/…da)  va after (keyin)ning fe’l bilan qo’llanishi:

Don’t forget to close the window before you go out.

Tashqariga chiqishingdan oldin derazani yopishni unutma.

I often fall asleep while I’m reading.

Men uxlayotganimda tez-tez uxlab qolaman.

They went home after they did the shopping.

Ular xarid qilganlaridan keyin uyga ketishdi.

• During (davomida), while (davomida/…da) va for (…dan beri) ning qo’llanishi:

Biz duringdan faqat otlar uchun foydalanamiz (during+noun). Whiledan esa faqat fe’llar uchun foydalanamiz va whiledan so’ng davomli zamon fe’li keladi:

We didn’t speak during the meal.

Biz ovqat vaqtida gaplashmadik.

Ammo,

We didn’t speak while we were eating. (not during we were eating)

Biz ovqatlanayotganimizda gaplashmadik.

• For (davomida) a nuqtadan b nuqtagacha bo’lgan oraliq vaqtga nisbatan qo’llaniladi:

We played tennis for two hours.   (not during two hours)

Biz ikki soat davomida tennis o’ynadik.

I lived in London for a year.   (not during a year)

Men Londonda bir yil davomida yashadim.

• Siz before/afterdan keyin -ing dan foydalanishingiz mumkin (before going / after eating etc.):

I always have breakfast before going to work.   (= before I go to work)

Men har doim ishga borishdan oldin nonushta qilaman. (= ishga borishimdan oldin)

After doing the shopping, they went home.   (= after they did)

Xarid qilishdan keyin, ular uyga ketishdi. (= ular qilgandan keyin)

Exercise 1. Gaplarni to’ldiring. To’rtburchak ichidan foydalaning.

Exercise 2. during/while/for ni yozing.

Exercise 3. Gaplarni to’ldiring. -ing (doing, having etc.)dan foydalaning.