If shartli gaplar hisoblanadi. Unda birinchi ish-harakat sodir bo’lmaguncha ikkinchisi sodir bo’lmaydi. Bo’lish ehtimoli ko’p bo’lmagan holatlar uchun ishlatiladi va tarjimasi ‘agar … -sa..’
- If gapning boshida ham, oxirida ham bo’lishi mumkin:
If gapning boshida:
If gapning o’rtasida:
- Har doim ham ‘agar’ so’zini tarjimada qo’llash shart emas, bunda -sa ni o’zidan foydalansa ham bo’ladi. Suhbatda, biz tez-tez faqatgina if dan foydalanamiz:
‘Are you going to the concert?’ ‘Yes, if I can get a ticket.’
‘Konsertga ketyapsizmi?’ ‘Ha, chipta olosam.’
If dan so’ng hozirgi zamon keladi, hech qachon kelasi zamon fe’llari ishlatilmaydi, garchi kelasi zamon ma’nosida kelsa ham (‘if you see …’ (if you will see emas):
If you see Ann tomorrow, can you ask her to call me?
Agar ertaga Annani ko’rsangiz, menga qo’ng’iroq qilishini so’ray olasizmi?
If I’m late this evening, don’t wait for me. (not if I will be)
Agar bu oqshom kkech qolsam, meni kutmang. (if I will be emas)
What shall we do if it rains? (not if it will rain)
Agar yomg’ir yog’sa, biz nima qilamiz? (if it will rain emas)
If va when
- Yuqorida aytganimizdek, If ehtimolli holatlarda ishlatiladi.
If I go out = men tashqariga chiqishim mumkin, ammo ishonchim komil emas:
A: Are you going out later?
B: Maybe. If I go out, I’ll close the windows.
A: Keyinroq tashqariga chiqasizmi?
B: Balki. Agar tashqariga chiqsam, derazalarni yopaman.
- When sodir bo’lishi aniq bo’lgan ish-harakatlar uchun ishlatiladi.
When I go out = men tashqariga chiqib ketyapman (aniq):
A: Are you going out later?
B: Yes, I am. When I go out, I’ll close the windows.
A: Kechroq tashqariga chiqasizmi?
B: Ha. Tashqariga chiqqanimda, derazalarni yopaman.
- When va if ni solishtiring:
When I get home this evening, I’m going to have a shower.
Bugun kechqurun uyga borganimda, dush qabul qilmoqchiman.
If I’m late this evening, don’t wait for me. (not When I’m late)
Agar bugun kechqurun kech qolsam, meni kutmang. (When I’m late emas)
Exercise 1. Gaplarni if bilan boshlab yozing. To’rtburchak ichidan tanlang.
Answers
2 If you pass the exam, you’ll get a certificate.3 If you fail the exam, you can do it again.
4 If you don’t want this magazine, I’ll throw it away.
5 If you want those pictures, you can have them.
6 If you’re busy now, we can talk later.
7 If you’re hungry, we can have lunch now.
8 If you need money, I can lend you some.
Exercise 2. Qaysi biri to’g’ri?
Answers
2 I give3 is
4 I’ll call
5 I’ll be… get
6 Will you go … they invite
Exercise 3. Ushbu gaplarni to’ldirish uchun o’z g’oyangizdan foydalaning.
Example answers
3 … you’re busy.4 … you’ll feel better in the morning.
5 … you’re not watching it.
6 … she doesn’t study.
7 … I’ll go and see Chris.
8 … the weather is good.
9 … it rains today.
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